Increasingly, the owners of the private house in place the usual radiators for heating living quarters choose convectors. These heating devices can have a very diverse appearance and different design, depending on the location and features of the operational purpose.
Water convector heating
Water heating convector excellent is suitable for exquisite interiors, in which the central composition is a wall with panoramic glazing. If an ordinary battery, even having the most elegant appearance, is far from being able to fit into the decorative design of a living room or hall, the convector can become completely invisible, or ideally complement the style of the interior, without at the same time losing its qualities, like a heater.
Exclusive convector variants can be placed even in complex configuration rooms.
. Function of water convectors. - 1 . Function of water convectors.
- 2 . Basic design of convector.
- 3 . Advantages and disadvantages of water convectors in heating.
- 4 . Classification of water convectors for heating.
- 4.1. Types of convectors by installation method.
- 5 .heating convector
- 6 Video: installation process of the floor convector
- 4.1. Types of convectors by installation method.
Why vmHas the of ordinary batteries been increasingly occupied by convectors? There are four answers to this question: There are four answers to this question:
- The convector is able to create maximum protection against the cold flows coming from the window apertures and the entrance doors. This is due to the powerful thermal curtain created by this element, which almost completely blocks the access of cold masses.
Convector is able to create a thermal curtain near windows or doors
- Convector is guaranteed creates the right air temperature, comfortable conditions for living or working in the room in which it is installed.
- The ability to create, quickly and evenly distribute heat throughout the to the volume of the room, thanks to the movement of the warm air, sometimes makes the convector for some large rooms simply irreplaceable.
- Convector perfectly resists condensation on windows or walls of slopes. And this means that the glass will remain transparent, not frozen even in severe frosts in the street, and the slopes will not die, that is, the threat of mold stains on them is minimized.
Basic construction of the convector
The word "convection" comes from the Latin " convectiō " - porting. In the considered with , the radiation is the transmission of heated air by streams or jets that emanate from the of the tide with heat exchanger, passing through the body of the device, gaining speed and power, and then obtaining the final directionality on the grating ,often having adjustable shutters .
Air flow through the convector
Directed heat through all the laws of physics quickly rises to the ceiling, creating a veil of cold coming from windows or doors, and creating a convective movement of air in the room. Then, cooling down, the air again descends again to heat up and continue cyclic movement. It is this constant air circulation that allows you to maintain almost the same temperature, with a difference of only 1 ÷ 2 degrees below the ceiling and near the floor surface.
Conventional convector construction - very simple
The design of the water convector is quite simple and in some way resembles a conventional battery, but the principle of its works somewhat different from the latter. If from a conventional battery, not equipped with special convection channels, the heat emanates from the entire surface, and directed by , it is predominantly only one side, that is, direct thermal radiation prevails, the convector, as it were, passes cold air through itself, warming its anddirecting the to the ceiling.
Convector basically includes t rub( in modern models, most often - copper), which is surrounded by metal heat exchange plates directly in contact with it. - these elements are the core of the convector. The more such plates in the instrument, the higher the heat transfer level. The tube with the heat exchanger is located in a special housing, which has in its upper part an exit window, covered with by the grate or controlled in the direction of the louver.
From the location of the convector, its device does not change fundamentally
Modern models are equipped with a special valve controlled thermostatic regulator, which allows you to maintain the desired air temperature in the room. In addition, the design usually provides valve for air release.
Thermostatic regulator with
valve In order to increase the convector power, two or even three heat exchangers can be installed in its housing. And some convectors have, in addition, more and built-in fan - this allows in some cases, if necessary, much faster warm up the room.
Advantages and disadvantages of water convectors heating
As with every existing heating device, convectors also have their pros and cons that you need to know about before purchasing and installing them.
To , the following criteria for using this type of device can be attributed:
- The efficiency of the convector when the rooms are heated uniformly by means of air circulation.
- Very rapid heat spread, and as result - heating rooms.
- Energy saving, as the heating system does not require a large amount of heat carrier and its strong heating - usually enough temperature is not higher than 60- and degrees.
- Compactness and lightness design facilitates the installation of convectors. If desired, models can be used, allowing will save "precious" space in the room.
- Powerful convection currents and heat curtains prevents from forming condensate surfaces of windows and in the corners of rooms.
- Elegant modern look, allows you to "fit" the heater in any interior style.
- The convector has more and the advantage over some modern radiators that has the ability to heat the coolant to critical levels of -90 degrees, while for the battery often have an upper "threshold" of 60 ÷ 70 degrees. This parameter is especially attractive for installation of similar heating in houses located in regions with a harsh winter climate.
- However, , it is very difficult to burn the convector, as the highest temperature is on pipes that are hidden in a special box and is still and protected by " shell " heat exchanger plates. This factor is especially important for families in which there are small children.
- Another with one clear advantage of this heater is that it does not dry much air - this is due to the constant circulation and enrichment with moisture. In order to increase the humidity in the room if necessary, the tank with water can be installed on the convector. Some models have such capacity already in its design.
For , has the following drawbacks in the performance of convectors:
- If the heating system builds the on the convectors, it is often necessary to wet the rooms frequently. This is due to the fact that together with the heated air masses, dust will also be constantly rising. and means , level of air dust will become elevated.
- Not all people like the constantly circulating air currents, especially along the floor, when the cooled air returns to the heater. It turns out something like a permanent lightweight draft.
- Convectors are not very effective for heating in rooms with high ceilings, as the air has to do an excessively large circulation, and the volume of the space will not be able to fully warm up. There is a way out, but will have to purchase convectors with several heat exchangers in order to increase the total area of active heat exchange.
- The heating system with convectors can only be effective with natural ventilation. If a forced ventilation scheme is applied in the house or apartment, the warm air will simply be removed from the premises, and the heating efficiency will drop dramatically.
Classification of water heating convectors
As mentioned above, water convectors are produced that provide exclusively natural circulation of heated air, and have the ability to switch to forced flow mode. Devices with natural circulation are marked KBE , and having compulsory system AWD.
Convector with natural air circulation
In the first version , the warm flows rise , and the cold ones, falling down, again revert to the convector exclusively for account , the difference in the air density of different heating temperatures, ie , the whole cyclic process is performed by way.
Built-in fan with electric drive provides more intensive forced circulation
In the second case, the speed of air circulation can be increased by the influence of the built-in electric fans. The general distribution of heat in the volume of the room is much faster for the account of the with increased air movement, and the means the - it will take less time to provide a comfortable microclimate in the room. The fans in such devices function from the voltage of the entire 12 volt , which ensures complete safety during operation, wherever or have been installed.
Air can be additionally pumped through the hidden ventilation ducts of the
. In addition, the convectors are subdivided according to the following parameters:
- Instruments can have different sizes in height, width and length.
- Convectors can have different heat output, which will depend on the dimensions, volume of and the number of heat exchangers.
- Convectors can differ significantly in the layout of the structure, which often depends more on the location of the typical installation.
- The difference can be in the presence or absence of additional elements of control, adjustment, control, in the degree of automation of the device.
Types of convectors according to installation method
As mentioned above, convectors are subdivided in the place of their installation. They are wall, floor and recessed.
Wall Water Convectors
Wall convectors are hung on special brackets, fixed on the wall. They have a small weight, so their installation is quite easy. A great advantage of this type of convector, in contrast to radiators, is the fact that due to the small mass( both own and circulating coolant over them), they can be fixed even to the plasterboard partitions.
An example of using two types of heating convectors: wall and hidden underfloor heating at the
input. If necessary, you can choose a narrow compact device that will protrude from the wall only 80 ÷ 100 mm - this is especially important if the room has a very limited area. The required power in this case can be compensated for account height or length of this element of the heating system, that is, an increase in the area of active heat exchange.
Floor standing radiators
The floor convector is not much different from the design of the wall-mounted convector. He also is enclosed by in lightweight case , has all the necessary elements for adjustment, but in addition, is equipped with with reliable legs for mounting and stationary fixing it to the floor.
Floor version of convector with thermostat
Floor variants are usually designed for a low level of thermal power, so they can be put on any objects for drying or light heating.
Despite the compactness and squatness of such devices, they have excellent heat dissipation, so they can be used as the main source of heat to the rooms.
Very often floor convectors are installed along the glazed walls of the
. In spacious rooms with panoramic glass walls, such convectors are often installed as additional heating devices. They are located along the glazed wall, which avoids the of its fogging, since the constant circulation of the of the warm air dries the glass.
Built-in convectors
Approximate device for convector built into the floor thickness
Built-in heating convectors are suitable for any interior of the , both for modern and retro styles .This type of devices must provide a niche in the floor, so its body is installed during the work on the insulation of the floor with lifting it to the certain height. As a result, the grate of the convector should be level with the surface of the finishing floor.
Built-in floor convector becomes almost invisible
Such convector models, depending on the power and number of hidden devices, can heat not only a small room, but also spacious areas of halls and halls, especially when they are equipped with a system of forced air circulation. Very often they are used in buildings with a large area of glazing walls, for example, in swimming pools, gyms, shopping malls, winter gardens and other similar facilities.
Swimming pool with a thermal curtain along the glass wall
A built-in convector can be placed not only in the construction of the floor, but also in the sill, if you choose the right size.
Convector built into the window sill
The grilles are often given original design to cover the output channel. They can be a one-piece rigid piece or can be configured as a roll type -, if necessary, folded.
Lattices for built-in convectors
Criteria for selecting a water convector heating
Several criteria can be highlighted, which need special attention when choosing water convectors for home heating:
- Thermal power rating. Usually proceed from the norm of 1 kW per 10 sq. Km. m area of the room( with a ceiling height of not more than three meters).However, it should be noted, that is only valid for "ideal" conditions with maximum effective thermal insulation, that is in principle unattainable. Loss of heat is always there - this is facilitated, for example, by windows. For each window, even the most high-quality, with double-glazed windows, it is necessary to add another for 0.2 kW.
The power of the particular device depends on its dimensions, the number of placed by in and pipes and, accordingly, the total area of active heat exchange. A variety of models makes it possible to make the right choice - in the sale are presented and compact convectors with a capacity of several hundred watts, and dimensional products capable of "giving out" up to several kilowatts.
Unlike conventional batteries, the convector will not allow to change the thermal power in one direction or the other by adding or removing sections. This imposes special requirements on the initial correct selection of the desired device.
It is necessary to choose the model of the required size and power right away - the range of these parameters is very wide.
. To make the convector efficient for non-standard, extensive or panoramic glazing of the wall, make more complex calculations of , which are produced by specialists.
- If you select a convector with forced air circulation, which is carried out by means of a fan, you must first consider the scheme for connecting it to the power supply. In addition, the will have to provide the with a place for the installation of a transformer that will convert the AC voltage of 200 into the into the required 12 V working.
- The dimensions of the convector are important when choosing any type of instrument. Therefore, you need to take measurements from the place where it is planned to install it - hanging on the wall, installing on the floor or hidden installation.
If an option is selected that is integrated in the thickness of the floor, it should be possible to raise the floor on the to a specific height or to prepare the recess so that the convector body is set to the required depth. In the event that the installation of the under-floor devices is planned in a ready-made, coated floor, it is necessary to find out the depth of the underground space available in advance.
- It is also important to choose the right quality convector with considering the material of its outer casing manufacture. If the device is to be installed in the floor or in the window sill, the box must be made of strong, corrosion-resistant alloys. The same requirements apply to shut-off valves, placed inside.
- The working pressure of the heating medium, which must be able to withstand heating elements - up to 10, and crimping - up to 16 ÷ 20 atm.
- The convector usually has a certain operational "reserve" - , its design should be able to withstand the temperature in the coolant circuit up to 125 ÷ 130 degrees, but the heating of the housing must not rise above 60 degrees.
- The volume of water in the heating system will depend on the number of pipes in the heat exchangers of each convector. On average, in each device in the , from 0.7 to 2 liters of coolant is stored.
- It is necessary to pay attention to the weight of the convector, , especially if it will be hung on the wall. As already mentioned, this parameter should take into account the weight of the coolant in the pipes.
For wall convectors, the mass of the device is very important. And, of course, its external design
- It should be estimated the degree of automation of the device, the possibility of precise adjustments of the air heating temperature.
- And, of course, very important, and often - and in many ways the determining factor becomes the appearance of the convector and the style of its design.
The modern way of heating with water convectors is becoming more popular. It is used both as a main and additional heat source, connecting to the overall system of the house, which significantly increases the of its efficiency. The main thing is to choose really high-quality models corresponding to the parameters of the heated premises, issued by well-known domestic or foreign companies and having the proper certification, reliable technical documentation and, of course, manufacturers' guarantee.
And in conclusion - an interesting visual material on the device and method of installing under-floor convector.
