Roll-up waterproofing of the foundation

Foundation roll-up waterproofing is a popular and effective method of building waterproofing, consisting of a single waterproofing carpet made of roll materials.

There are several types of roll waterproofing:

• Waterproofing by means of pasting roll materials: roofing material, glassine, glass. The installation of such materials is carried out by sticking several layers of material on the surface to be protected. The sticker is made with the help of mastics or a special adhesive layer;
• Waterproofing by floating method. For its implementation are designed roll materials with a bituminous or polymer layer applied, which, when laid, must be heated with a gas burner. When melted, this layer provides good adhesion to the substrate.
• Waterproofing with diffusion membrane membranes, which not only protects the foundation from external moisture, but also removes vapors from inside the building, so that the foundation retains its strength for many years.

The first two types of roll hydroprotection are also called the waterproofing of the basement. The technology of their implementation varies depending on the type of roll material used. It boils down to several stages:

1. Surface preparation: cleaning from dirt and dust, leveling the surface, rounding corners and sharp edges.
2. Primer using special primers.
3. Application of a layer of mastic or varnish for better adhesion of the web material to the surface.
4. Mounting pasting insulation: gluing several layers of roll waterproofing.
5. Final layer of waterproofing mastic or varnish if necessary.
6. Arrangement of a protective layer of brick, concrete, or thermal insulation of the foundation.
7. Drainage device and backfilling.
8. Device and waterproofing blind area.

Detailed technology for the execution of works is given in the article "Oak layer waterproofing of the foundation".

Membrane roll materials

The technology of roll waterproofing using membrane films is relatively new, it is characterized by the speed of execution, good quality of protection from groundwater and sedimentary water, resistance to shrinkage of the foundation. Materials for horizontal and vertical waterproofing are different.

For hydroprotection of vertical external foundation walls undergoing loads from the ground, a profiled membrane is used that has the ability to evenly distribute pressure over the surface of the foundation. Protrusions in the form of thorns are located on the outside of the material, and protect the inner membrane from damage. In addition, moisture is condensed on the studded surface and, due to the gaps and looseness of the ground, flows into the drainage device. For horizontal waterproofing, a smooth film is used, its function is to prevent capillary rise of groundwater over the pores of concrete.

The technology of mounting membrane films is somewhat different: studded membrane for vertical waterproofing is fastened with metal elements with PVC coating, fixing them on the foundation wall and welding them to the film with a construction hair dryer. Smooth film for horizontal waterproofing is overlaid with lapped bands and welded with hot air.

Vertical Coated Waterproofing Technology

1. Prepare the base: eliminate defects, cracks, remove traces of bitumen, fats, mounting foam. Sharp protrusions, protruding reinforcement are cut and polished. If the surface of the concrete foundation is heavily soiled, it is necessary to paste a layer of geotextile on it.
2. Install fillets on internal corners or reinforce them with a waterproofing tape and polymer mastic.
3. Plastic rondles are fastened to the foundation surface, which allows the installation of the web with the help of hot air welding. The distance between the rondles is 1-1.5 meters horizontally and 2 meters vertically.
4. Cut the roll material, not forgetting the allowance on the weld, it must be at least 10 cm.
   

   Cutting of the roll material

5. The material for the roll-on waterproofing is fixed by spot welding to the rondles, using a building hair dryer. The air temperature is selected experimentally, achieving quality welding, resistant to rupture. The joints of the strips are additionally welded with a continuous double seam with a gap between the stripe bands of 10-20 mm.
6. The surface of the smooth membrane web material is glued with a geotextile web with a contact adhesive to protect it from damage. Profiled or studded material does not require additional protection.

Horizontal roll-over waterproofing technology

1. The preparation of the base for horizontal roll-up waterproofing should be more thorough, since the adhesion of the membrane to the ground and the concrete screed is in this case more complete, and point forces combined with large irregularities can damage it. If the membrane is designed to protect the base of the foundation from closely located groundwater, it is laid on a prepared backfill. The site is cleared, the fertile soil layer is cut off, leveled. Mark the site, then fill it with sand, carefully leveling and ramming it.
2. A geotextile layer with a density of at least 400 g / m2 is laid on a compacted sand cushion. The overlap of the geotextile strips is 15 cm, on the seam the material must be welded with hot air.
   

   Laying of the geotextile layer

3. Place the membrane film on the geotextile so that the overlap is 10 cm. The geotextile is cleaned carefully at the junction of the strips. Geotextile welding is carried out with a special welding machine or
   

   . The process of cutting and laying the roll-up waterproofing

   manually using a construction hair dryer and a solid Teflon roller, which rolls the heated film.

4. Welding is performed in the form of a double seam: a welding strip of at least 15 mm, an air pocket and a second welding strip of 15 mm, the ends of the seam are brewed. This is necessary for the subsequent verification of the strength of the welded joint. Welding modes are chosen experimentally depending on the weather conditions and the type of membrane web material and are checked on the control samples.
5. After welding of the roll material, the quality of the welded joint is checked by piercing the material, connecting the compressor to it and injecting air into the welded seam. The pressure should be kept for at least 20 minutes, otherwise they search for a place of poor-quality welding with soapy water and additionally glue it. At the puncture site, the patch is subsequently glued.
   

6. Coil Welding Process Another layer of geo-textile with a density of 500 g / m2 is laid on top of the roll material, designed to compensate for load and protect against damage. Geotextile joints are also welded with a hairdryer.
   

   Inspection of the strength of the weld

7. Over a geotextile, a polyethylene film is applied with a thickness of at least 200 μm. The film prevents the penetration of the concrete solution into the pores of the geotextile and provides a sliding layer that, when the soil moves, prevents damage to the waterproofing. The film strips are glued onto a double-sided adhesive tape.
8. Over the completed waterproofing pour concrete screed, fulfilling it in accordance with the technology of pouring the slab foundation.

Membrane roll materials are durable, practically waterproof and resistant to mechanical stress, which makes them a reasonable choice when installing a waterproofing foundation.