It is clear that no room can be called "residential"( and this is exactly the attic), if it is cold. Therefore, its insulation is subject to the same requirements as the rest of the house. It should be noted immediately that a single recommendation for the use of insulation for the attic in principle does not exist. Why?
Firstly, , each region has its own climate, and this should be guided by the selection of the appropriate material.
Secondly , the location of the house also plays a role. He can stand in the lowlands, covered from the winds by neighboring buildings, planted, or located on a raised, "blown" from all sides of the place.
Thirdly, , the design of any structure has its own characteristics. For example, it is important, from what material the building is erected, how the rafters system is arranged, for what load it is designed, and a number of other factors.
Fourthly, the , the type of roof, the steepness of the skates, the presence( or absence) of attic windows, the type of roofing material.
It is possible to note a number of the requirements shown to a heater - fire safety, stability before a moisture, rodents, insects and a number of others. All this is true. But if it comes specifically to the attic - a residential area - then you need to pay attention primarily to the following indicators.
Thickness of material
The larger it is, the less under the roof there is free space, hence, the dimensions of the "upper" room decrease. And this is undesirable, because because of the flatness of the skates, it is not fully used. Perhaps, for dimensional houses this is not of significant importance, but if the house is relatively modest, for example, 6 x 6 or 6 x 8?Under the roof of such a small structure, literally every "cm2" counts.
Vapor permeability
An important parameter, especially considering that all evaporation from the lower floors rises to the attic.
Weight( density), mounting method
In this case, such features as the possibility of self-insulating, used tools and equipment are not meant. The question is, how is the installation carried out?
A lightweight insulator is laid between the rafters. If the weight is significant, then the installation is carried out either on them or on the supporting frame( crate).If the insulation is arranged from the inside, then it is necessary to take into account the "rigidity" of the materials. But since it will also require lining, this will further reduce the useful area of the attic( to the question of the thickness of the material).
Thermal conductivity coefficient
It should be understood that the "heat insulator" itself does not add heat. Its task is to keep it inside the structure, not to let it out into the atmosphere. Therefore, the main attention - the insulation of the ceiling of the attic. For its finishing, products with a coefficient of no more than 0.05 W / m2 are recommended.
The fact is that if the material does not hold heat, it will "melt" the snow on the roof. And he, crystallizing( turning into ice), gradually increases the load on the rafters system. Than it is fraught, it is not necessary to explain.
Repairability of
Unfortunately, this is rarely the case with anyone, but there is nothing eternal. Therefore, the material used should not create complications, if it is necessary, for example, to "patch" the roof. For example, polyurethane is good for everyone, but this is one of the types of "foam" used in construction. It sticks "tightly", and dismantling such insulation is a big problem.
Foams
There are several varieties of this product. For insulation, expanded polystyrene( extruded) is the most suitable. He has excellent characteristics, but he also has "flaws".
- Quite high cost of material( if it is not cheap, ordinary polystyrene).
- It is noticed that for mice, the more hungry, it is a real "delicacy".
It is necessary to consider, and where the finish is made. If from the inside, then this material is one of the optimal options. In addition, when using it, you can save on the vapor barrier.
Wool
Glass or mineral wool, which is popular with private developers, is implied. But this class of insulation has significant drawbacks.
Firstly, , increased moisture absorption. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention not only to the quality of the hydro- and vapor barrier( in several layers), but also to the efficiency of natural ventilation. If it is not enough, then a forced "exhaust" is installed.
Second , short service life. Such insulation with time "cracks", "sypetsya"( depends on the variety).
Sprayable materials
In practice, polyurethane or eco-wool is used for insulation of buildings. The difficulty is that special measures will be required to carry out the measures( for "boost") and protective equipment. The quality of the insulation is excellent, but there are 2 things to consider.
The first - will have to contact the company that provides similar services, and pay for the work of its masters. It is clear that this is worth "good" money. True, there are recommendations for the self-assembly of ecowools, with the use( for loosening the material) of an electric drill with a suitable nozzle. But what is the quality of insulation? For example, it is necessary to fulfill all the requirements for filling voids( density), uniformity of laying. Without training for a good result can hardly be expected.
Second - what should I do if I have to do spot repair of roofing? To disassemble a part of the "pie" and to perform the elimination of the defect, you can and yourself, but how then to restore the integrity of the layer of insulation?
But there is also a significant "plus" - when spraying polyurethane foam can not equip the steam and waterproofing.
For adherents of environmentally friendly products, for example, such materials for insulation of the attic, such as seaweed( traps of them), granulated paper, straw, foam glass, foam can be cited. And this is not a complete list of heaters. But at the same time it does not mean that they are completely devoid of shortcomings. Everyone has his own "minuses".For example, for foam glass - low mechanical strength, and straw burns well.
Useful advices for
- It is not recommended to use "backfill" materials( claydite and the like) when warming the attic.
- The best quality insulation is from the outside. In this case, the thermal insulation of the house will be a single layer, without breaks and transitions. Internal packing of materials is used either as additional heat protection, or when it is impossible to carry out work outside the premises.
- If materials with fibrous structure are used for external insulation, wind protection is mandatory.
- For finishing the top of the attic you should not use roll materials( for example, "Ursa").Under the weight of their own weight, they begin to gradually creep.
Do not think for advertising( the material in question is not bad, but we already told you about its choice, there are some nuances), but the video was shot quite professionally:
Conclusion
- When choosing a heater for an attic space, do not rely on friends, acquaintances, neighbors and simply "knowledgeable "people. It is done individually for each building.
- The price of the material is not the main indicator. It is necessary to calculate how much additional activities will "pour out".For example, for mineral wool - hydro- and vapor barrier. Therefore, when determining costs, it is necessary to take into account all the points. Perhaps the use of expensive insulation in the end will cost less than the construction of heat protection with cheaper products.
