Installation of a gas boiler in a private house

For heating a private house, the best option is certainly a gas boiler. This heating unit has a high efficiency and allows you to smoothly and flexibly adjust the intensity of heating of living quarters, sometimes even without the use of additional thermostatic devices. To date, gas is considered the most profitable fuel in terms of economy, so the cost of such a boiler will quickly pay off its purchase and installation costs.

Installation of a gas boiler in a private house of the

requirement If you plan to install a gas boiler in a private house, the requirements for the room and the heating device itself should be clarified in advance. Having received general information, you can make sure that you have to collect a lot of different documents and work around several instances. Therefore, it is worthwhile to prepare not only theoretically and technically, but even psychologically, to these rather unpleasant, but, alas, necessary measures.

Sequence of preparatory activities for

The basic regulatory documentation for the installation of the

boiler The firststep it is recommended to get acquainted with the normative documentation, in which, in principle, all the rules and requirements foroystve self-heating in the apartment or private home.

All these data can be found in the Construction Norms and Regulations( Construction Norms and Regulations) 31-02-2001, "Gas supply of a country house. The requirements and rules for the installation of gas equipment. "

In addition to this document, you need to view additional information that contains information on the arrangement of boiler rooms and the rules for installing the boiler. They can also be found in the "Construction rules and regulations":

• SNiP 41-01-2003 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning".
• SNiP 21-01-97 "Fire safety of buildings and structures".
• SNiP 2.04.01-85 "Internal water supply and sewerage of buildings".

For arrangement of a boiler house in a private house, it is necessary to study SNiP 2.04.08-87.

How is a boiler house in a private house?

In a house for heating equipment, a separate room is usually allocated. What are the requirements of the boiler house ? For more details, please refer to the separate publication of our portal.

Approval of the installation of a gas boiler

In order to install a gas boiler in a private house or apartment, it will not be enough to study the SNiP documents. To begin with, it is necessary to obtain technical conditions that will serve as the basis for further work on connecting the equipment to the gas mains.

To do this, the owner of the housing receives an application to the local gas supply service, which indicates the estimated gas consumption required for use in a particular structure for heating and for other needs. This parameter is calculated approximately on the basis of standards SNiP 31-02, item 9.1.3, which shows the average daily volume of gas for a single-family house:

- gas cooker( cooking) - 0,5 m³ / day;

- hot water supply, that is the use of a flow-through gas water heater( column) - 0,5 m³ / day;

- heating with a household gas unit with a connected water circuit( for the middle zone of Russia) - from 7 to 12 m³ / day.

In a local organization that monitors the gas supply and installation of boiler equipment, the request is reviewed by specialists. For the applicant a document with technical conditions or with a motivated refusal is drawn up. The review process can take from one week to a month, depending on the operational efficiency of this monitoring service.

If the request is satisfied, then the technical conditions are given on hand, which must be fully realized when installing gas equipment. This document will simultaneously be the permission for the relevant work.

It is necessary to be firmly aware that the installation of gas equipment without obtaining specifications is illegal. In addition, the uncoordinated self-assembly of the boiler - is very unsafe, especially in cases where similar work will be carried out in a multi-storey building. Unfortunately, there are many sad examples.

Development of the

installation project When the specifications are received, you can proceed with the design of the installation.

The project is developed taking into account all the requirements specified in the technical conditions. It also includes a scheme for laying gas communications: for a private house - on the site before entering the residential building with the indication of this point in the drawing, and for the apartment - from the entrance of the gas supply pipe to the connection point to the boiler of the autonomous system.

It is forbidden to begin any installation work until the corresponding project of

has been drawn up, approved and approved. Only design specialists who are licensed to carry out this type of work should be involved in the development of the project. As a rule, a gas supply organization in a given region( populated area) has a design department, where all such surveys, calculations and their graphic design are carried out.

Approval of the

project Further, the finished project is sent for coordination to the branch of the organization that controls the gas supply of the house where the gas boiler will be installed. The period of approval of the documents submitted depends on the complexity of the project scheme, and can take from one week to three months.

The following documents with the characteristics of the boiler equipment must be attached to the boiler installation project and the gas main supply for approval:

• Technical passport of the gas boiler.
• Operating Instructions.
• Certificates of compliance with technical and hygienic requirements.
• The examination data on the compliance of this unit with all the required safety requirements.

These documents are issued to the buyer by the seller together with the boiler, and they are issued by the boiler equipment manufacturer.

If the project has not received approval, in addition to a reasoned refusal, the applicant will be given a list of those actions that need to be taken to obtain a positive conclusion.

If the project is approved, it is certified accordingly, which means that it is already possible to carry out practical work on the installation of gas heating equipment.

Basic requirements for the boiler room

To install gas equipment with a capacity of 30 kW or more, a separate room must be provided. It must comply with all existing regulations and instructions. It is often enough for a boiler-house to try to choose one of the rooms in the basement or basement, but it is necessary to know that such installation of a gas boiler is allowed only for single-family private houses.

In a private house under the boiler house it is best to single out a separate room

A boiler of any capacity can be installed in a private house, as it is usually located in a room attached to the house, thus getting the opportunity to heat not only the living quarters but also the utility rooms.

General requirements of

The basic requirements for the boiler house are as follows:

• The area of ​​the room for the installation of one boiler must be at least 4 m².In this case, the total number of boilers in one room can never be more than two.
• The ceiling height of the room is not less than 2200 ÷ 2500 mm.
• The window, which is mandatory in the boiler room for natural lighting, must have a size for every 10 m³ of room volume of 0.3 m² of the window area, but in any case not less than 0.5 m².
• The width of the door opening must be at least 800 mm.
• The distance between the entrance door and the boiler can not be less than 1000 mm, but it is better if this interval is 1300 ÷ 1500 mm.
• For the possibility of carrying out maintenance and preventive maintenance, the necessary space must be provided in front of the boiler, which must be at least 1300 mm.
• The boiler must be installed stably and in a strictly horizontal position - this will minimize possible vibrations and noise.
• The floor in the boiler room must be made of non-flammable material and be perfectly even.
• Walls must also be made of non-combustible materials, and the surfaces near the boiler walls can be additionally insulated with heat-resistant materials.
• Cold water must be supplied to the boiler room. In the floor of the room it is necessary to equip the system of draining the coolant into the sewage system.
• Electrical outlets must have a ground loop, as some parts of the boiler, for example, ignition or pump, are connected to the electricity supply.
• It is necessary to provide access to the chimney - in particular - to the inspection window - to control the passability of the channel and the possibility of cleaning.

Ventilation and chimney systems

Ventilation and flue gas exhaust systems in the boiler house must be installed in compliance with the installation rules of the gas equipment, as a malfunction or ineffective operation of these systems can lead to either inoperability of the equipment or, even worse, emergency and evenan explosive situation.

The following requirements apply to ventilation and chimney:

• Ventilation and chimney ducts must be separated.

Basic parameters of natural ventilation of the boiler room

• For fresh air to enter the boiler room, it is necessary to provide for supply ventilation. The entrance window is made at the bottom of the outer wall or the entrance door. The size of the ventilation window should not be less than 1/30 of the total area of ​​the room, but not less than 80 mm2 per 1 kW of installed gas unit - for airflow from the street, and at least 300 mm2 per 1 kW if the air intake isfrom another room.
• The ventilation ducts must always be open, as the air must circulate continuously.
• The boiler is recommended to be installed as close as possible to the chimney.
• The chimney installed in the wall must have two input channels:

- main, for installation of the chimney;

- revision, located below the first not less than 250 mm - this channel is intended for technological cleaning.

• The exhaust opening of the chimney must not have a cross section smaller than the outlet pipe of the boiler itself.
• The chimney must not have more than three bends or turns.
• The chimney is made of stainless or carbon steel sheet. The use of asbestos-tube pipes or others made of laminated materials is permissible only at a distance of at least 500 mm from the boiler flue.

The chimney can pass through the rooms or go straight to the street

• To ensure the boiler operation is safe and the heating system is effective, favorable conditions should be created to maintain normal traction. Therefore, it is very important to calculate both the overall height of the chimney and its location above the surface of the roof, so that the head does not fall into the zone of the so-called windprick.

So, for the chimney pipe of the gas boiler there are certain standards:

The correct location of the chimney above the roof of the

- above the flat roof, which has no ridge, the pipe should rise no less than 500 mm above the roof or above the parapet if it is on the perimeter of the roof;

- if the pipe leaves through the roof slope at a distance from the ridge less than 1500 mm, then its headband rises above it no less than 500 mm;

- if the pipe leaves the pitched roof at a distance of 1500 ÷ 3000 mm horizontally from the ridge, the head must be raised to a level not lower than the top of the ridge;

- if the chimney passes through a pit roof at a distance of more than 3000 mm from the ridge, then its outlet must be located on a conditional line drawn at an angle of 10 ° to the horizon from the top of the ridge.

The best solution is to install a sandwich chimney

Nowadays, the problem of creating a reliable flue gas removal system is much easier to solve. Fast and reliable installation of sandwich chimneys allows to accelerate the introduction of boiler equipment as quickly as possible. More about this - in a special publication of our portal.

A few words about gas boilers

Nowadays the consumer is presented with a wide range of gas heating equipment of domestic and foreign manufacturers. It remains only to make the right choice.

Gas boilers can be divided into several types according to various criteria:

- according to the design;

- by the installation method;

- at rated power,

- by type of ignition;

- on the technology of combustion products removal.

• According to the basic design, the boilers are divided into single- and double-circuit.

- The first are intended to provide a heating system, and if necessary, use them for hot water supply will have to install an additional device - an indirect heating boiler.

- The two-circuit models are designed for both heating and hot water supply. They can work according to the flowing principle of heating or be equipped with a built-in boiler, which heats up and maintains a certain supply of heated water for domestic needs. Therefore, this unit can be called universal.

Single-circuit boilers are often referred to as abbreviation AOGV - heating gas heating unit.

Two-circuit devices intended for heating and hot water supply are designated by AKGV - combined gas-water-heating unit.

• By the method of installation and installation, gas units can be wall-mounted and floor-standing.

- Floor boilers usually differ from wall-mounted ones with higher power. They, as a rule, try to place in boiler rooms, so that they do not clutter the premises with their dimensions.

- Wall variants of gas appliances are becoming more popular, as they can be installed even in an apartment. The use of such equipment is also convenient because the withdrawal of combustion products does not require the construction of a "classical" chimney - it can be carried directly to the street through an external wall by means of a coaxial chimney, which simultaneously supplies the air necessary for the combustion of gas.

coaxial type chimney All modern gas heating boilers are equipped with automatic protection systems of one or another level of complexity, but necessarily providing for the stopping of gas supply to the burners in the event of leaks, interruptions in the gas main, overheating of the coolant, and lack or lack of traction in the chimney.

An important criterion of choice is always the boiler's capacity, that is, its ability to generate a certain amount of thermal energy per unit of time( kWh).

The selection of the required model for this parameter is based on calculations in which the basis value is the area of ​​the heated premises.

Often in use this parameter is calculated by the ratio in which for every 10 m² of area is allocated 1 kW, plus, naturally, up to 15-20% of the reserve in order for the boiler not to work at the limit of its capabilities.

The calculation formula is as follows:

W = S × Wud / 10

W - boiler output,

S - heated area,

Wud - specific power for heating 10 m².

And, the specific power can vary depending on the region of residence, for example:

• Northern region - 1,5 ÷ 2,0 kW.
• The average strip of Russia is 1.0 ÷ 1.2 kW.
• Southern region - 0,7 ÷ 0,9 kW.

This approach to the determination of the required heat capacity has a right to exist. But still not accurate, because it does not take into account a number of features of the house itself. If the reader has a desire to make a more accurate calculation, we recommend that he use a special calculator, which contains correction factors for the specificity of a particular heated room.

For work you will need a plan of your residential property and some additional information available about the parameters of the premises. The calculation is carried out for each heated room separately, and then it will be easy to sum the values ​​obtained in order to obtain the recommended capacity of the gas boiler. By the way, the calculated indicators for each room separately will also help in the proper selection of the necessary heating radiators.

If any data( for example, position relative to the sides of the world, "wind roses", etc.) are unknown, then you can not fill in this field when typing. But in this case the calculation will be carried out taking into account the most unfavorable conditions.

Calculator for calculating the required heat output for the house heating system

There are a number of other criteria for estimating the gas mileageThe information about which will be needed when choosing the optimal model

How to approach the selection of a gas boiler?

This acquisition is very expensive, and is done with the expectation of long-term operation. What should be assessed when chooses a gas boiler - read the special publication of our portal.

Sequence of works on installation of gas boiler

Installation of gas equipment must be performed by specialists of gas services, who have been trained and certified, and who have a license to carry out such activities. Naturally, installation of equipment will also entail certain costs, but it will pay off with confidence that the work is done qualitatively, and full security is guaranteed to the tenants of the house.

In some cases it is permitted to install the boilers on its own, but this personal permit must be obtained from the controlling organization. Nevertheless, experts will still have to take the assembled equipment and conduct the first test.

The installation, testing, first start-up and debugging of the gas boiler equipment should be carried out by

specialists. The boiler is installed in the following order:

• First of all, you need to make sure that there are all necessary components for installation. To do this, it will be superfluous once again to carefully study the technical guidance of equipment and the approved design of its installation.
• The floor boiler is then installed on a prepared, firm and even surface made of non-flammable material. An ideal base for the gas unit will be a concrete screed, on which can be laid a metal sheet or ceramic tiles. The base must cover the pre-toothed space - this is approximately 400 ÷ 500 mm in front of the boiler.
• It is very important to ensure that the body of the device is evenly supported by all legs, if they are provided by the design. Unstable installation - not allowed
• The gas boiler must be removed from electrical appliances and must be accessible from all sides.

The existing boiler location rules provide the following distances to the walls and ceiling.

The floor boiler must be installed at a certain distance from the walls of the

. Figure "A":

• The distance from the boiler surface to the uninsulated ceiling must be at least 1200 mm.
• From the side wall of the floor boiler to the unprotected wall, the distance can not be less than 320 mm. If the asbestos panel, closed with a metal sheet, is fixed on the wall, the distance can be reduced to 260 mm.

Figure "B":

• The distance between the chimney and the unprotected wall must not be less than 500 mm. If the wall is protected by asbestos and metal, then this distance can be reduced to 250 mm.

Wall boilers are mounted on the wall on the special brackets or mounting brackets that are supplied with the appliance. Installation is made at an altitude of 1000 ÷ 1600 mm from the floor.

Brackets or slats are marked by the building level, since the boiler must be perfectly suspended vertically and horizontally. Further, the device itself is hung on the securely fixed attachments.

The next step is to connect both the hanging and the floor boiler to the chimney. For this purpose, a special branch pipe is provided on any device. The connection of the branch pipe to the chimney must be absolutely leakproof, since leakage of combustion products can occur through small gaps. The connection is carried out "by smoke", that is, the branch pipe of the boiler itself must enter the flue of the chimney.

Connecting the boiler to the water supply, to ensure the filling of the system and the necessary make-up, before entering the boiler on the pipe, a coarse water filter( mud pump) is installed, on both sides of which it is necessary to install stopcocks. These elements of a general design are necessary to shut off water during cleaning or filter replacement. Installation of a filter with the same strapping is also welcomed on the "return" of the heating circuit in front of the boiler. All these measures will allow prolonging the trouble-free life of the equipment, since the heat exchanger will not clog due to cleaning of the coolant.

Normally, a circulating pump is installed on the return pipe, which is best tied with bypass and stopcocks - this makes it possible to switch, if necessary, from forced to natural circulation.

On the "return" in front of the boiler, a circulating pump with bypass and shutoff valves

is usually installed. It is best to connect the water pipe to the site of the first branch of the heating circuit pipes and as close as possible to the pipeline inlet through the boiler wall - this will help to ensure the required pressure level when filling the systemheating.

As a rule, in the floor heating boiler, the connection for the heating circuit feed pipe is located at the top of the appliance, and the return pipe is at the bottom. In a wall heating boiler, the supply and return pipes are usually located at the bottom of the appliance.

The gas pipe to which the supply to the boiler is connected must be equipped with a crane, which is designed to quickly shut off the gas supply.

After completing installation and connecting the boiler to the heating circuit, a general leak test is performed. This process is called crimping and is carried out by specialists with the use of special equipment that creates in the system a certain excess pressure, in which there should be no signs of coolant leakage on the joints.

Authorized gas service technicians must always check the tightness of the connection of the flexible connection and all components of the gas block of the boiler. After that, they must also test the equipment and check the correctness of its operation in different modes.

After completing all the test and test operations, if all the rules and norms of connection are observed, and the equipment itself is working properly, the controller will draw up an act that will become an enabling document for the operation of the boiler.

Video: Typical mistakes in equipping the boiler house

Operation of the gas boiler

The basic rules for operating gas heaters are as follows:

• The boiler room must be kept constantly dry.
• The heat exchanger filters must be cleaned in time in order to prolong the life of the heat exchanger.
• It is strictly forbidden to make any independent changes in the design of the boiler, and even more so - to remove or "load" the sensors or valves of protection systems.
• Timely cleaning of the flue pipe from the combustion products that have settled on its walls must be done.
• It is recommended to install a gas analyzer in the house or boiler room, which will help to identify malfunctions in gas equipment. In many regions, this requirement is already mandatory, which is part of the technical conditions and is absorbed in the drafting process.
• Inherits ignore the timely maintenance of the boiler plant, which is recommended to be carried out at the beginning and at the end of the heating season. To do this, it is best to invite a qualified specialist who will check the operation of the ventilation, chimney, the integrity of the system, the cleanliness of the filters and the burner.

In conclusion, I would like to give a recommendation to the owners of housing - never engage in amateur activities and trust all the work related to the installation and testing of gas equipment, only experienced professionals. Qualified installation and timely preventive measures will ensure long and trouble-free operation of the boiler, and therefore - the entire heating system at home.

Video: the work of specialists on installation of wall gas boiler