What are the types of lighting?

By light source

First of all, the lighting is divided into artificial and natural, which in our opinion is the most important indicator. A natural light source is, of course, the sun's rays that penetrate the room through window openings and other constructive solutions. In turn, natural light can be divided into such systems:

1. Lateral, when light passes through the windows in the walls.
2. Top - light passes through glazed coverings or technological openings.
3. Combined - the room is illuminated by windows and upper openings.

It should be noted that this type of lighting is the main one and in rooms where people spend most of the time, natural light must necessarily prevail. If, for any reason, there is no possibility to create openings for sunlight penetration, artificial lighting is additionally organized, which is divided into the following systems:

1. General - the fixtures evenly illuminate the entire area of ​​the room.
2. Local - additional highlighting of important objects, for example, a workplace.
3. Combined - a combination of general + local or natural + artificial can be used.

Also, according to the light source, the lighting can be divided into such special types as luminescent, LED and halogen. You can find out more about the light sources in our respective section of the site.

For the purpose of

If we talk about how to separate types of electric lighting for a functional purpose, then first of all you need to conditionally include such a nuance as the scope. To date, it is customary to consider types of lighting in the workplace, in the interior and on the street. Just in relation to these objects and perform the separation.

Production of

In the production environment, the lighting can be:

1. Working - is used to provide normal, and most importantly safe working conditions for personnel in the enterprise.
2. Emergency - designed to maintain minimum illumination at the time of the occurrence of an accident, if switching off the light can lead to dangerous situations( explosion, fire, etc.).According to the norms, the illumination created by the emergency lamps should not be less than 5% or 2 Lux in the building or 1 Suite in the street.
3. Evacuation - the name of the species speaks for itself, use evacuation lighting in order to evacuate personnel to a safe area. The illumination in this case should not be less than 0.5 Lux in the room and 0.2 lux in the open area.
4. Security - used to protect the territory, should not be less than 0.5 Lux.
5. The attendant is a subsystem of the security system. For the operation of the standby light, a part of the luminaires used for operating or emergency lighting is used to ensure minimum illumination in the protected area, as well as in the places where the enterprise is on duty.

All these points are briefly explained at the presentation:

House and apartment

As for the interior, in the house and apartment there are two main types of lighting: natural and artificial. The natural light in living spaces can be side, top or combined, we have already mentioned this. But as for the artificial one, in this case it is customary to divide it into the following systems:

1. General or as it is called - the main. It is carried out due to installation of ceiling fixtures that evenly illuminate the entire room.
2. Local( functional) - used for local highlighting of some objects, for example, a working area in the kitchen, a desk in the nursery or mirrors in the bathroom. For local lighting, wall sconces, floor lamps, table lamps and spotlights are used, which radiate bright directional light.
3. Decorative. This kind of lighting in the interior is designed for additional decoration of rooms and individual objects. As an option - the lighting of paintings, the perimeter of the ceiling( LED tape), etc. Festive also applies to the decorative.

In addition to the light in the interior you can learn from this video:

Garden

In the garden, the types of lighting are very similar to those that are customarily organized in the interior. So, for the purpose of street lighting is divided into the following types:

1. General( functional).Designed for safe movement around the yard. This includes the illumination of paths, the porch of a private house, steps, and garden buildings( a chicken coop, a garage, a household block).
2. Security. Used to protect the infield and the country house from ill-wishers. For outdoor protection of the territory, highlight the entire perimeter of the site, parking lot, front entrance to the dwelling and other important areas.
3. Decorative. Most often used in landscape design in order to decorate the appearance of the territory. For decorative lighting on the street create a highlight of artificial reservoirs, small architectural forms, fountains, etc. Also here is architectural illumination of building facades, which is a modern and very popular solution for today.
4. Festive. With the help of electric garlands and hanging lamps, trees, the facade of the house and even a fence decorate for a while. As a rule, festive illumination is used for New Year and other more holidays.

Well, of course, we provide a useful video for viewing:

These are all types and lighting systems that are used today. As you can see, the classification is rather branched, so it increasingly depends on the purpose and scope of the fixtures!

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